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La Plaza de España, che attualmente è il centro nevralgico della città, un tempo era la piazza d’armi del palazzo della contea. È delimitato dagli edifici della Collegiata, dal Palazzo e dal Granaio o Alfolí, un edificio per l’immagazzinamento del grano eretto tra il XVII e il XVIII secolo, che conserva sulla facciata elementi stilistici dello stile barocco.
Le origini della città di Olivares risalgono all’epoca romana, quando, dopo la conquista di Baetica da parte di un soldato romano di nome Turculus, il terreno oggi occupato dalla città fu trasformato nel tempo in un insediamento noto come Estercolines o Estercolinas.
Costruito nella seconda metà del XVI secolo da Don Pedro de Guzmán, 1° Conte di Olivares, fu arricchito nel XVII secolo da Don Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, Conte Duca di Olivares. Residenza dei conti di Olivares, in seguito sarebbe stata anche la residenza degli abati e dei canonici della Collegiata. Di stile rinascimentale e composizione simmetrica, è affiancato da due archi a sesto acuto coronati da merli con decorazioni a bassorilievo. Il portale principale presenta sottili semicolonne in marmo genovese su uno stipite, mentre il portale centrale presenta lo stemma della Casa de los Guzmanes, in marmo genovese, che rappresenta due arpie che reggono lo stemma, sormontate da un drago alato. Attualmente sede del Municipio, offre una mostra permanente di riproduzioni artigianali di costumi d’epoca barocca.
Il secondo conte di Olivares, Enrique de Guzmán y Ribera, fu responsabile della fondazione della Cappella di Olivares. Tra il 1582 e il 1591, don Enrique ricoprì uno degli incarichi più importanti del suo tempo, l’ambasciata spagnola a Roma; trattò con tre pontefici, Gregorio XIII, Sisto V e Gregorio XIV, il primo dei quali approvò la fondazione della Cappella di Olivares e il secondo gli concesse importanti bolle che accordavano alla Cappella notevoli privilegi.
Il terzo conte di Olivares, Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, passato alla storia della Spagna per essere stato il favorito del re Filippo IV nell’ereditare il casato di Olivares, manifestò l’intenzione di elevare lo status della cappella fondata dal padre, proponendo così l’erezione della chiesa a collegiata, grazia che infine ottenne da papa Urbanc Vill con bolla del 1° marzo 1623, anche se queste bolle non arrivarono in Spagna fino al 1625.
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